Our Goals Goal: Modify Unix to make it more resilient against attack POSIX delineates three things: Things we cannot (should not) change in Unix Things we can change in Unix Things which are... left as undefined/unspecified But there are also other standards, and "de facto" behaviours ... We must be careful Our goals: 1. Do not break the behaviours that programs DEPEND on 2. Change anything else which makes an exploit author cry 3. Insignificant or low performance hit What follows is a list of such mechanisms...